Ukusukela kwiminyaka engaphezu kweshumi eyadlulayo, ezinye zewayini ezimhlophe eziphezulu zaseBurgundy ziye zafumana ioxidation ngaphambi kwexesha, nto leyo ethe yamangalisa abaqokeleli bewayini.Kwiminyaka eyi-10, sele iqalile ukubonisa iimpawu zokuhla.Ukwenzeka kwale nto ye-oxidation yangaphambi kwexesha idla ngokukhatshwa kukuguquguquka kwewayini, ivumba eligqithisileyo le-oxidation ebhotileni, ephantse yenza ukuba iwayini ingaselwa, kwaye eyona nto ixhalabisayo kukuba le nto ayinakwenzeka.Kwibhokisi enye yewayini, ibhotile ethile yewayini inokufumana i-oxidation yangaphambi kwexesha.Kwi-1995, le nto ye-oxidation yaqala ukubonwa ngabantu, kwaye yaqala ukukhathazeka ngokubanzi ngo-2004, eyavusa iingxoxo ezivuthayo kwaye iyaqhubeka nanamhla.
Abenzi bewayini baseBurgundi bajongana njani nale oxidation ingalindelekanga?Ingaba i-oxidation yangaphambi kwexesha iyichaphazela njani iwayini yaseBurgundy?Nalu uluhlu lwendlela abalimi bewayini abasabela ngayo.
Okokuqala, qala nge-cork yewayini
Ngokukhula kwemveliso yewayini, baya besanda abarhwebi bewayini kwihlabathi jikelele basebenzisa izithinteli zendalo ze-oki ngobuninzi bezama ukulunga, nto leyo eyayikade ibangela ukuba unikezelo lwezithinteli ze-oki lube ngaphezulu kwemfuneko.Ukuze kuhlangatyezwane nemfuno, abavelisi bezikhonkwane basusa ixolo elisetyenziselwa ukwenza isikhondo kwisiqu som-oki ngaphambi kwexesha.Nangona isikhwebu sikhulile, umgangatho wesikhwebu esiveliswayo usephantsi, nto leyo ekhokelela kwioxidation ngaphambi kwexesha.umbuzo.Kukho nemeko apho i-oxidation yangaphambi kwexesha ngenxa yeengxaki ze-cork ibangele iingxaki ezincinci kwi-Domaine des Comtes Lafon kunye ne-Domaine Leflaive, izizathu ezithile ezingaziwayo.
Ukuze kuliwe ne-oxidation yangaphambi kwexesha, abanye abathengisi bewayini eBurgundy baye bazisa ii-DIAM corks ukusukela ngo-2009.Ngakolunye uhlangothi, iintsalela ze-TCA kwii-corks zewayini ziyasuswa.Ngakolunye uhlangothi, izinga lokungena kwe-oxygen lilawulwa ngokungqongqo, ukwenzela ukuba i-phenomenon ye-oxidation yangaphambi kwexesha iyancipha kakhulu.Ukongeza, ingxaki ye-oxidation ngaphambi kwexesha inokucuthwa ngokufanelekileyo ngokunyusa ubude kunye nobubanzi be-cork yewayini.
Okwesibini, ukunciphisa impembelelo yokubumba
Ngexesha lokukhula komngundo, uhlobo lwe-laccase (Laccase) luya kuveliswa, olunokuthi luqinise ngokucacileyo i-oxidation yewayini.Ukuze kucuthwe ngokukuko ubukho belaccase, abalimi bewayini eBurgundy basonga imidiliya ngowona mgangatho mkhulu, kwaye basuse nawaphina amasuntswana omdiliya owonakeleyo kwaye mhlawumbi angcoliseke ngumngundo, ukuze athintele ukuba nokwenzeka kweoxidation yangaphambi kwexesha kwixesha elizayo.
Okwesithathu, kuvunwa kwangethuba
Ukuvunwa kade, okwaqala ngeminyaka yoo 1990s, kukhokelele kwiwayini ezingqukuva, ezigcweleyo, nezixineneyo, kodwa ezilahlekelwe yiasidi.Iindawo ezininzi zewayini zikholelwa ukuba iasidi ephezulu iyakunciphisa ngokufanelekileyo ukwenzeka kwe-oxidation yangaphambi kwexesha.Iindawo zewayini ezivunwa kwangethuba eMeursault azifane zithwaxwe yioxidation yangaphambi kwexesha.Nokuba yeyiphi na imeko, ziya zisanda iindawo zokuvunwa kwewayini eBurgundy kwangethuba, kwaye iwayini eziveliswayo zithambile kwaye zilungelelene, kunokuba zigcwale kwaye zishinyene njengoko kwakunjalo ngaphambili.
Okwesine, i-juicing enamandla ngakumbi
Ushicilelo lwe-airbag lukhetho lokuqala kubenzi bewayini bale mihla.Icudisa ngobunono kwaye iqhekeze izikhumba, ngokufanelekileyo ihlukanise ioksijini, ivelise incindi ngokukhawuleza, kwaye yenza iwayini ezihlaziya ngakumbi.Nangona kunjalo, ijusi yomdiliya yacudiswa ngaphandle kweoksijini epheleleyo yodwa Kodwa yenza mandundu ukwenzeka kweoxidation yangaphambi kwexesha.Ngoku ezinye ii-wineries e-Burgundy zikhethe ukubuyela kumatshini wokushicilela wefreyimu okanye abanye oomatshini bokushicilela obunamandla e-extrusion, belandela isiko kwaye benqanda ukwenzeka kwe-oxidation yangaphambi kwexesha.
Okwesihlanu, ukunciphisa ukusetyenziswa kwesulfure dioxide
Kwileyibhile engasemva yebhotile nganye yewayini, kukho isicatshulwa sokukhawuleza ukongeza inani elincinci lesulfure dioxide.I-sulphur dioxide isebenza njenge-antioxidant kwinkqubo yokwenza iwayini.Ukuze wenze iwayini ehlaziyayo kwaye ukhusele ijusi yediliya kwi-oxidation, i-sulfur dioxide eninzi isetyenziswa.Ngoku ngenxa yesenzeko se-oxidation ngaphambi kwexesha, iindawo ezininzi zewayini kufuneka zithathele ingqalelo umthamo wesulfure dioxide esetyenziswayo.
Okwesithandathu, ukunciphisa ukusetyenziswa kwemibhobho emitsha ye-oki
Ngaba umlinganiselo omkhulu wemiphanda emitsha yom-oki unokusetyenziselwa ukwenza iwayini emnandi?Ubuninzi bemiphanda emitsha ye-oki, okanye imiphanda emitsha ngokupheleleyo yokulima iwayini, iye yathandwa kakhulu ukusukela ekupheleni kwenkulungwane yama-20.Nangona imiphanda emitsha ye-oki inyusa ukuntsokotha kwamavumba ewayini ukuya kuthi ga kwinqanaba elithile, kakhulu le nto ibizwa ngokuba yi "barrel flavour" yenza iwayini iphulukane neempawu zayo zokuqala.Imiphanda emitsha ye-oki inezinga eliphezulu lokungena kweoksijini, nto leyo enokukhawulezisa kakhulu izinga le-oxidation yewayini.Ukunciphisa ukusetyenziswa kwemibhobho emitsha ye-oki kukwayindlela yokunciphisa i-oxidation yangaphambi kwexesha.
Okwesixhenxe, nciphisa ibhakethi yokuxuba (Batonnage)
Ukuxutywa kwemiphanda yinkqubo yokuvelisa iwayini.Ngokuvuselela igwele elihlala kwi-oki ye-oki, igwele lingakhawulezisa i-hydrolysis kwaye ifake i-oksijini eninzi, ukuze kuphunyezwe injongo yokwenza iwayini igcwale kwaye ithobe ngakumbi.Ngeminyaka yee-1990, obu buchule babuthandwa kakhulu.Ukuze kuphunyezwe incasa engqukuva, imiphanda yaxutyushwa ngokuphindaphindiweyo, ukuze ioksijini eninzi ifakwe kwiwayini.Ingxaki ye-oxidation phambi kwexesha yenza ukuba indawo yokwenza iwayini ithathele ingqalelo inani lamaxesha asetyenziswa ngawo imiphanda.Ukunciphisa inani lemiphanda kuya kwenza ukuba iwayini emhlophe yenziwe ukuba ingatyebi kakhulu kodwa ithambile, kwaye inokulawula ngempumelelo isenzeko se-oxidation yangaphambi kwexesha.
Emva kokuphuculwa kwezi nkqubo zininzi zingasentla, isenzeko se-oxidation sangaphambi kwexesha siye sabuthathaka kakhulu, kwaye kwangaxeshanye, ukusetyenziswa ngokugqithisileyo kwemigqomo emitsha edumileyo ekupheleni kwenkulungwane edluleyo kunye nendlela “yamafutha” yotywala iye yathintelwa. ukusa kumlinganiselo othile.Iiwayini zeBurgundy zanamhlanje zibuthathaka kwaye ziyindalo, kwaye indima "yabantu" iya isiba ncinci.Kungenxa yoko le nto abantu baseBurgundi bahlala bekhankanya intlonipho yendalo kunye ne-terroir.
Ixesha lokuposa: Jan-30-2023